Social Science - Class 8
Chapter 9 : Establishment of Company Rule in India
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A. Tick the correct option.
1. Where is Fort William located?
(a) Bombay
(b) Calcutta ✅
(c) Cochin
(d) Madras
2. The Battle of Plassey was fought in the year–
(a) 1754
(b) 1755
(c) 1756
(d) 1757 ✅
3. Which ruler was killed in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War?
(a) Hyder Ali
(b) Shah Alam
(c) Nizam=ul-Mulk
(d) Tipu Sultan ✅
4. The first Governor-General of British India was–
(a) Robert Clive
(b) Warren Hastings ✅
(c) Lord Dalhousie
(d) Lord Wellesley
5. In which battle was Siraj-ud-Daulah defeated by Robert Clive?
(a) Battle of Panipat
(b) Battle of Buxar
(c) Battle of Plassey ✅
(d) Battle of Wandiwash
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Arcot was the capital of Carnatic.
2. British built small army units at presidency settlements.
3. Dupleix was called back to France in disgrace.
4. Diwani means the right to collect land revenue.
5. Second Anglo-Mysore War ended with the Treaty of Mangalore in 1784.C. Match the following.
1. Lord Wellesley ⟶ (b) Governor-General of India in 1798
2. Tiger of Mysore ⟶ (d) Tipu Sultan
3. Lord Dalhousie ⟶ (a) Greatest annexationist
4. Anwar-ud-Din ⟶ (c) Nawab of Carnatic
5. Mir Qasim ⟶ (e) Nawab of Bengal
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. Which Portuguese explorer discovered the sea route to India? How did this mark the beginning of European era in India?
Answer: Vasco da Gama discovered the sea route to India in 1498. This allowed the Portuguese to establish trade and a colony in Goa, marking the start of European control and trade in India.
Answer: They set up trade centres on the coast to easily transport goods by sea. This made trade cheaper and faster, helping them make more profit.
Answer: The British made friends with local rulers to settle their disputes and gain control. This policy divided Indian states and made princes dependent on the British, reducing their real power.
4. Describe the causes and the consequences of the First Carnatic War.
Answer: The war began in 1746 when the French attacked and captured Madras from the British. Nawab Anwar-ud-Din tried to stop the French but failed.
The war ended in 1748 with a treaty, and France had to return Madras to the British, weakening French power in India.5. How did the assumption of Diwani benefit the East India Company?
Answer: The British got the right to collect land revenue in Bengal (Diwani), which gave them money and power. The Nawab ruled in name, but the Company controlled everything important.
E. Answer the following questions.
1. How did East India Company become an imperial power in India?
Answer: The East India Company did not plan to rule India at first. They came for trade and set up trading posts and settlements.
They made friends with Indian rulers and helped them in wars. Slowly, they started controlling more areas and became a powerful ruler in India.
2. What is meant by a Dual government? How did it lead to public suffering?
Answer: Dual government means two powers ruling at the same time—British controlled the army, money, and courts, while the Nawab handled daily administration.
During the Bengal famine of 1770, the British did not help the people and the Nawab had no resources. So, people suffered badly.
3. The Battle of Buxar was a turning point in India. Give arguments to support the statement.
Answer:
The Battle of Buxar gave the British full control over Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha.
It allowed them to collect taxes (Diwani rights) and build a strong empire.
This battle helped the British become the main rulers of India.4. What was the importance of the Battle of Plassey?
Answer:
The Battle of Plassey in 1757 gave the British huge money and power.
They made Mir Jafar the Nawab, who followed their orders.
With the money they got, they built forts, paid their army, and expanded their rule quickly.