Social Science - Class 8
Chapter 8 : THe Modern Period
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A. Tick the correct option.
1. Modern period of Indian history began in the-
(a) sixteenth century
(b) seventeenth century
(c) eighteenth century ✅
(d) nineteenth century
2. The call ‘You give me blood; I’ll give you freedom’ was given by-
(a) Subhash Chandra Bose ✅
(b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
3. In which language was the newspaper Kesari published?
(a) Hindi
(b) Gujrati
(c) Marathi ✅
(d) Urdu
4. Which one of the following was a major factor in strengthening the national movement in India?
(a) The establishment of Indian National Congress
(b) Discontentment among the masses against the colonial power ✅
(c) Partition of India in !947
(d) Spread of education and awareness
5. The book Unhappy Indian was written by-
(a) Bankim Chandra
(b) Bal Gangadhar TIlak
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai ✅
(d) Sarojini Naidu
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Land revenue settlements are an important source of information.
2. Collection of Gandhiji’s writings has been preserved and displayed at Gandhi Smriti near Rajghat.
3. The Indian National Congress was established in 1885.
4. The Revolt of 1857 was ruthlessly suppressed by colonial power.
5. The Morley-Minto reforms were introduced in 1909.C. Write a technical term or an appropriate word for each of the following statements.
1. Amrita Bazar Patrika → (c) Bengali
2. My Experiments with Truth → (e) Mahatma Gandhi
3. Simon Commission Report → (d) 1929
4. Transfer of power to the British Crown → (b) 1858
5. Freedom is our birth right → (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
D. Answer the following questions.
1. What type of information do we get from the official records?
Answer: Official records give us details about how the people lived, how the government worked, and what laws and reforms were made. These include important acts like the Morley-Minto Reforms (1909), the Simon Commission (1927), the Ilbert Bill, and the Arms Act.
Answer: Letters, writings, and speeches help us understand what was happening during a particular time in history. They show the thoughts and feelings of important leaders. For example:
Letters: Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru wrote many letters that give us a glimpse of the past. Example: Letters from a Father to His Daughter by Nehru.
Slogans and speeches: These reflect the spirit of patriotism. Example: Mahatma Gandhi’s slogan "Do or Die" during the Quit India Movement.
Answer: Here are five important events during India’s freedom struggle:
a) The Revolt of 1857
b) Partition of Bengal in 1905
c) Formation of the Muslim League in 1906
d) Home Rule League Movement
e) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre on 13th April 19194. Explain any five major sources of information about Modern Indian History.
Answer:
British Documents – These include acts and reports like Morley-Minto Reforms and Simon Commission Reports. They tell us about laws and administration during British rule.
Newspapers – Papers like London Times and Indian ones like Kesari (started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak) gave news and opinions of that time.
Internet and Databases – Online sources like the Digital South Asia Library and British Library archives provide valuable historical information.
Books – Books, poems, stories, autobiographies, and biographies written during that time help us know people’s thoughts and events.
Old Buildings and People’s Experiences – Historical buildings and stories from people who lived during the freedom movement help us understand the past better.5. Enumerate the steps taken by the East India Company to establish their rule in India? How did the rule of the company come to an end?
Answer: The East India Company used military force, built railways, started postal services, and passed different laws to take control of India. Their rule ended in 1858, after the Revolt of 1857, when the British Crown took direct control and national leaders started stronger resistance.